After Indian Prime minister dead the genocide in all over India

 

After Indian Prime minister dead the genocide in all over India

                     

             The anti-Sikh massacre of 1984 refers to a series of organised pogroms against members of the Sikh community across India by anti-Sikh mobs in response to the assassination of then prime minister (PM) Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards at her residence.

        At about 9:20 a.m. Indian Standard Time, on 31 October 1984, Gandhi was on her way to be interviewed by British actor Peter Ustinov who was filming a documentary for Irish television. She was wearing a saffron saree with a black border, and accompanied by constable Narayan Singh, personal security officer Rameshwar Dayal and personal secretary, R. K. Dhawan.^[5] She was walking through the garden of the Prime Minister's Residence at No. 1 Safdarjung Road in New Delhi towards the neighboring 1 Akbar Road office.

              Gandhi passed a wicket gate guarded by Satwant and Beant Singh, and the two men opened fire. Beant fired three rounds into her abdomen from his .38 (9.7 mm) revolver; then Satwant fired 30 rounds from his Sten after she had fallen to the ground. Both men then threw down their weapons and Beant said, "I have done what I had to do. You do what you want to do." In the next six minutes, Border Police officers Tarsem Singh Jamwal and Ram Saran captured and killed Beant, while Satwant was arrested by Gandhi's other bodyguards and an accomplice trying to escape; he was seriously wounded. Satwant Singh was hanged in 1989 with accomplice Kehar Singh.

                                                               

                Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated at 9:29 a.m. on 31 October 1984 at her residence in Safdarjung Road, New Delhi. She was killed by her Sikh bodyguards^[1] Satwant Singh and Beant Singh in the aftermath of Operation Blue Star, an Indian military action carried out between 1 and 8 June 1984 ordered by Indira Gandhi to remove Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers from the Golden Temple of Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar, Punjab. The collateral damage included the death of many pilgrims, as well as damage to the Akal Takht.^[2] The military action on the sacred temple was criticized both inside and outside India.

        Operation Blue Star was a large Indian military operation carried out between 1 and 8 June 1984, ordered by Indira Gandhi to remove leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his militant Sikh followers from the buildings of the Harmandir Sahib complex in Amritsar, Punjab.[3] The Indian army suffered around 83 casualties with 700 injuries, and 450-500 Sikh rebels were killed during the operation. The handling of the operation, damage to the holy shrine, and loss of military and civilian life on both sides led to widespread criticism of the Indian government.

                                           

      The perceived threat to Gandhi's life increased after the operation.[4] Accordingly, Sikhs were removed from her personal bodyguard detail by the Intelligence Bureau for fear of assassination. Gandhi thought that this would reinforce her anti-Sikh image among the public however, and she ordered the Delhi Police to reinstate her Sikh bodyguards, including Beant Singh, who was reported to be her personal favorite .

            Beant was one of Gandhi's favorite guards, whom she had known for ten years. Because he was a Sikh, he had been taken off her staff after Operation Blue Star; however, Gandhi had made sure that he was reinstated.Satwant was 22 years old when he killed her, and had been assigned to Gandhi's guard just five months before her assassination .

                                               

                 The following foreign dignitaries attended the state funeral, among others:

 

Country                                                  Dignitaries

 Algeria                                                  Abdelhamid Brahimi (Prime Minister)

 Australia                                              Ninian Stephen (Governor-General)

Bob Hawke (Prime Minister)

 Bhutan                                                  Jigme Singye Wangchuck (King)

 Canada                                                  Brian Dickson (Chief Justice)

Joe Clark (Former Prime Minister and Secretary of State for External Affairs)

 China                                                      Yao Yilin (Vice-Premier)

 Czechoslovak Socialist Republic      Lubomír Štrougal (Prime Minister)

 East Germany                                    Horst Sindermann (President of the People's Chamber)

 Fiji                                                           Penaia Ganilau (Governor-General)

Kamisese Mara (Prime Minister)

 France                                                   Laurent Fabius (Prime Minister)

 Indonesia                                            Umar Wirahadikusumah (Vice-President)

 Japan                                                      Yasuhiro Nakasone (Prime Minister)

 Jordan                                                    Prince Hassan bin Talal (Crown Prince)

 Kenya                                                    Mwai Kibaki (Vice President)

 Laos                                                        Souphanouvong (President)

Kaysone Phomvihane (Prime Minister)

 Liberia                                                  Harry Moniba (Vice President)

 Mauritius                                             Anerood Jugnauth (Prime Minister)

 Mongolian People's Republic    T. Ragchaa (First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers)

 Nauru                                                    Hammer DeRoburt (President)

   Nepal                                                   Lokendra Bahadur Chand (Prime Minister)

 New Zealand                                      David Beattie (Governor-General)

David Lange (Prime Minister)

 North Korea                                       Pak Song-chol (Vice-President)

 People's Republic of Bulgaria    Todor Zhivkov (General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party)

 People's Republic of Kampuchea    Heng Samrin (President of the Council of State)

Chan Sy (Prime Minister)

 People's Republic of Mozambique  Samora Machel (President)

 Poland                                                   Wojciech Jaruzelski (Prime Minister)

 Philippines                                          Imelda Marcos (First Lady)

 South Korea                                       Chae Mun-shik (Speaker of the National Assembly)

 Soviet Union                                      Nikolai Tikhonov (Chairman of the Council of Ministers)

 SFR Yugoslavia                                 Veselin Đuranović (President)

 Syria                                                       Zuhair Masharqa (Vice President)

Farouk al-Sharaa (Foreign Minister)

 Tanzania                                              Julius Nyerere (President)

 Uganda                                                  Milton Obote (President)

 United Kingdom                               Margaret Thatcher (Prime Minister).

Princess Royal (Representing Her Majesty The Queen)

 

 United States                                     George Shultz (Secretary of State)

 Vanuatu                                                Ati George Sokomanu (President)

Walter Lini (Prime Minister)

 Vietnam                                                Trường Chinh (President)

Phạm Văn Đồng (Prime Minister)

 Zambia                                                  Kenneth Kaunda (President)

 Zimbabwe                                           Robert Mugabe (Prime Minister)            

       The anti-Sikh massacre of 1984 refers to a series of organised pogroms against members of the Sikh community across India by anti-Sikh mobs in response to the assassination of then prime minister (PM) Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards at her residence .

           The violence continued in Punjab in the 1980s due to the armed separatist Khalistan movement, which sought independence from India . The perpetrators carried iron rods, knives, clubs and combustible material such as petrol and diesel. They entered Sikh neighbourhoods and killed Sikhs indiscriminately .

           Rajiv Gandhi was sworn in as Prime Minister after his mother's death and, when asked about the genocide, said "when a big tree falls, the earth shakes". This was seen as an attempt to legitimize Sikh killings from the very top.

                                                

                On 31 October, the crowd around the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, began shouting for vengeance with slogans such as "Blood for blood!" and turned into an unruly mob. At 17:20, President Zail Singh arrived at the hospital and the mob outside stoned his car. The mob began assaulting Sikhs by stopping cars and buses to pull Sikhs out of them and burn their turbans. The violence on 31 October was restricted to the area around the AIIMS and did result in many Sikh deaths. People in other parts of Delhi reported their neighbourhoods were peaceful.

        Throughout the night of 31 October and morning of 1 November, Congress leaders met with local supporters to distribute money and weapons. Congress party MP Sajjan Kumar and Trade Union leader Lalit Maken handed out 100 rupee notes and bottles of liquor to assailants.

                                             

On the morning of 1 November, Sajjan Kumar was seen holding rallies in, at least, the following Delhi neighbourhoods; in Palam Colony from 06:30 to 07:00, in Kiran Gardens from 08:00 to 08:30, and in Sultanpuri from around 08:30 to 09:00. In Kiran Gardens at 8:00 AM, Sajjan Kumar was seen distributing iron rods from a parked truck to a group of 120 people and instructing them to "attack Sikhs, kill them, and loot and burn their properties". At an undefined time in the morning of 1 November, Sajjan Kumar led a mob of people along the Palam Railway main road to the Mangolpuri neighbourhood where the crowd answered his calls with chants of "Kill the Sardars" and "Indira Gandhi is our mother and these people have killed her".

         Timeline of events

First day (31 October)

                                                   

Sikh Genocide

09:20: Indira Gandhi is shot by two of her Sikh security guards at her residence, No. 1 Safdarjung Road, and rushed to All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS).

10:50: Indira Gandhi dies.

11:00: All India Radio listeners learn that the two security guards who shot Indira Gandhi were Sikhs.

16:00: Rajiv Gandhi returns from West Bengal and reaches AIIMS. Stray incidents of attacks in and around that area.

17:30: The motorcade of President Zail Singh, who is returning from a foreign visit, is stoned as it approaches AIIMS.

Evening and night:

                                              

Organized and well equipped gangs of ruffians set out in different directions from AIIMS. The violence, including violence towards Sikhs and destruction of Sikh properties, spreads. Rajiv Gandhi is sworn in as the Prime Minister.

Senior advocate and BJP leader Ram Jethmalani, meets Home Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and urges him to take immediate steps to protect Sikhs from further attacks. Delhi's Lt. Governor, P.G. Gavai and Police Commissioner, S.C. Tandon, visits some of the affected areas.

Second day (1 November)

                                          

The first killing of a Sikh occurs in East Delhi.

09:00: Armed mobs take over the streets of Delhi and launch a massacre.

Among the first targets were Gurdwaras, the holy temples of Sikhs

The worst affected areas are low income colonies like Trilokpuri, Shahdara, Geeta Colony, Mongolpuri, Sultanpuri and Palam Colony. The few areas where the local police stations take prompt measures against mobs see hardly any killings or major violence. Farsh Bazar and Karol Bagh are two such examples.

 

Sikh Genocide

Third day (2 November)

                                

       Curfew is announced throughout Delhi, but is not enforced.

The Army deployed throughout Delhi too but ineffective because the police did not co-operate with soldiers (who are not allowed to open fire without the consent of senior police officers and executive magistrates).

Mobs continue to rampage.

 

Fourth day (3 November)

                                               

Violence continues. By late evening, the national Army and local police units work together to subdue the violence. After law enforcement intervention, violence is comparatively mild and sporadic.

In Delhi the dead bodies of the victims of riots were taken to All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi and Civil Hospital Mortuary Tis hazari, Delhi.

Over the course of 3 days in November 1984 in India, Sikhs were identified and killed, in the thousands.

                                         

   Eyewitness accounts obtained by Time magazine state the Delhi Police looked on as "rioters murdered and raped, having gotten access to voter records that allowed them to mark Sikh homes with large Xs, and large mobs being bused in to large Sikh settlements".

    Bollywood actor Amitabh Bachchan was accused by the Sikh community of instigating attacks. He is alleged to have made polemic remarks saying "Khoon ka Badla Khoon se lenge" ("Blood for Blood"). Amitabh Bachchan was a close friend of the Gandhi family.

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                                 Suvendu Singha.